To detect a smaller image, such as a fundamental particle, we need to produce particles with greater energy, and thus, a shorter wavelength. With the help of scanning electron microscopes, we can see fuzzy images of atoms. Electron microscopes enable us to see an image with a wavelength as small as 10-9 m. Light microscopes enable us to view parts of a cell as small as 10-6 m. That most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small region in its center, now called the nucleus. Rutherford systematically investigated the results Geiger and Marsden obtained with alpha particles Rutherford concluded However, some particles were deflected and others recoiled back toward the source. They observed that most of the alpha particles went directly through the foil. It is also useful in the mathematics classroom by plotting the angles of incidence and reflectionįrom 1911 to 1913, British physicists Geiger and Marsden, working in the laboratory of Ernest Rutherford, conducted experiments with beams of positively charged, alpha particles to penetrate gold, silver, and copper atoms.
It is a great introduction to the scientific process of deducing, forming scientific theories, and communicating with peers. It is based upon the Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment where scientists discovered that the structure of the atom includes the nucleus in the center surrounded by electrons in empty space.
Students will try to determine the shape of an unknown object by using the scientific thought process of creating a hypothesis, then testing it through inference.
Description: With the Mini Rutherford Activity, students deduce shapes and sizes of unseen objects by tracking the movements of objects they can see, in relation to the unseen object.
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